Kidney disease causes, symptoms and prevention
A single pain medication is enough to cause kidney failure. Photo: Collected.
Kidney is an important organ of the body. Kidney disease is one of the deadly diseases that people die from. Symptoms usually do not become apparent until 50% damage is done. This disease is a silent killer and wreaks havoc on the body. So it is important to know the early symptoms of kidney disease. It is also necessary to know what to do to prevent it.
Kidney function
The main function of the kidney is to purify the blood of the whole body and remove the polluted waste. The heart pumps the blood to the kidneys, the kidneys filter it and send it to the heart. This is going on all the time. Purified blood gives energy to the whole human body. As a result people are able to walk normally. Every day a kidney filters 120 to 150 liters of blood and removes one and a half to two liters of polluted waste from the body. Be it water, salt, anything that is contaminated, the kidney removes it from the body. More than 95% of these contaminated wastes are excreted through urine. The rest of the wastes are excreted through sweat, some through excrement, and some through exhalation.
The kidneys keep the necessary water and excrete the rest. Eg: A person has consumed ten glasses of water and is urinating frequently, this is due to over-consumption of water. Kidney keeps what is necessary and excretes the rest. And if someone drinks a glass of water in 24 hours, he will not urinate for the whole day. Because, the kidneys will retain the necessary water. A minimum of one and a half to two liters of water is required to maintain the body's performance. If a person there drinks a liter of water, it will be seen that he will urinate a little at the end of the day.
Kidney disease
Urinary ducts, urinary bladder, urinary tract, kidneys work with the entire process. Any localized disease of these is generally called kidney disease. Kidneys produce an important hormone. It is called erythropoietin. This hormone makes blood in the body. 90 percent of it comes from the kidneys. When the kidneys become sick, the production of this hormone decreases. It causes anemia, heart failure, anorexia, and the body becomes weak due to not being able to eat. During this time, the wastes of the body accumulate in the brain, heart, bones. It reduces urination, increases high blood pressure and swells the body.
Because
The cause of 80 percent of kidney disease is unknown. Diabetes is the number one cause of kidney disease worldwide. This is the number two reason in Bangladesh. High blood pressure is the number 2 cause in the world, the number 3 cause in Bangladesh. Nephritis is the number one cause of kidney disease in our country. Then the stone blocks the urinary tract. There are also some hereditary kidney diseases. Medication is a very important cause of kidney failure. If there is any pain in the body, many people take medicine from the pharmacy. It works like magic. But taking the wrong medicine from the pharmacy causes side effects. Pharmacy people don't know how many side effects a drug will have.
Where the doctor knows about this disease, he does not give the medicine. There, the pharmacy often administers pain medication to the patient. Pain medication is sensitive. A single pain medication is enough to cause kidney failure. Many times patients come in with a pain medication. Someone has a backache, he took a medicine, now there is a problem. After coming to the doctor, stop the medicine and give some medicine and get better immediately. Antibiotics can cause kidney damage and narcotics can cause damage. Due to dehydration, the kidneys become useless immediately. For example: Diarrhea, bleeding, vomiting, excess secretion due to postpartum complications. When the blood flow to the kidney suddenly stops, the kidney cells do not get oxygen. It causes kidney failure. Apart from this, some infections cause kidney disease. Eg: Hepatitis B, C and Streptococcus.
Symptoms
Kidney disease is a silent killer. No symptoms appear until 50 percent are useless. The following symptoms are observed:
1. Swelling of the body, and if the swelling starts from the face.
2. Urine may decrease or increase. Eg: Diabetes increases.
3. Discoloration of urine and passing of blood with urine.
4. Anorexia, vomiting, reluctance to eat, anaemia.
5. Lack of interest in any work, body is always itchy.
6. If there is pain on both sides of the hip. This pain can also occur in the lower abdomen.
7. If high blood pressure occurs.
Problems that occur
The kidneys produce an important hormone called erythropoietin. This hormone makes blood in the body. 90 percent of it comes from the kidneys. When the kidneys become sick, the production of this hormone decreases. As a result, blood vacuity is formed and heart failure, anorexia, inability to eat and body weakness. During this time, the waste accumulates in the brain, heart and bones. As a result, urine decreases, high blood pressure increases. The body swells. Due to some systemic variations and immune system problems, the kidney membranes are damaged. When the filter is damaged, the protein leaks out in the urine. There are small membranes through which proteins cannot pass through, only contaminated water can pass through. When the membrane is destroyed due to a disease, the protein is also released along with the contaminants. As a result, the blood can no longer be held in the blood vessels. Blood water, plasma comes out of the body. As a result, different parts of the body swell. And if water accumulates in the filter then salt also accumulates in the body. As a result, high blood pressure increases.
Preventive measures
Any person should get tested at least once after forty years. Diabetic patients are examined twice a year to detect kidney disease and also understand whether it is likely to occur in the next two years. Kidney disease can develop 15 to 20 years after the onset of diabetes. In some cases, seven to 10 years later. Even if diabetes is under control, 30 to 40 percent of people develop kidney failure. 90-95% of patients get better within a week or two if they receive treatment very quickly. In case of diarrhea and vomiting, if nothing can be done at once, replace the water void. For example: You can eat a saline or give saline to the body. Apart from this, there are other things to do-
1. Diabetes and high blood pressure must be controlled.
2. must be tested.
3. Do not take any pain medication and antibiotics without doctor's advice.
4. Action should be taken quickly to stay short.
5. Nephritis should be treated.
6. Treatment is needed to prevent stones from blocking.
7. If there is a prostate block it should be removed.
8. Diarrhea and vomiting should be treated immediately.
9. Immediately go to the doctor if the urine decreases. In this 90-95 percent returns to normal. However, after a week or two, it does not return to normal.
10. Urinary complications should be avoided. The village is responsible, the children should not be made to urinate by the unskilled.
11. When a urinary tract infection spreads to the blood, it can damage the kidneys. For this, infection must be controlled.